Masonry Magazine December 1965 Page. 8
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WINTER PROTECTION OF SCAFFOLDING
(continued from page 7)
There is no question but what steel scaffolds which are adequate for supporting men and materials may be overloaded by wind. Wind against enclosed scaffolds can produce dangerous conditions. In a 30 mile per hour wind, a scaffold frame will be pushed sideways with a force of 25 to 30 pounds. However, when you enclose that frame, the force will now increase in excess of 1000 pounds per frame, and it is necessary that precautions be taken to prevent forces of this magnitude from (a) overturning the scaffold and (b) pushing the wall over. I would suggest that you consider guy lines and stiff legged braces to take these forces away from your walls. In winter weather it is sometimes possible to scrape a hole in the ground, fill it with water, insert a rope and effectively freeze your own anchor. Cover it with straw later to prevent it from thawing.
Are these wind loads that we are talking about reasonable? In the Chicago area, according to the Uniform Building Code, you should design a temporary structure for approximately a 30 mile per hour wind. Weather Bureau records show that the maximum winds in January in Chicago over a period of 30 years have reached velocities of 50 to 60 miles per hour in spite of the fact that the average wind in the Chicago area during the winter is 11 miles per hour. As an approximation, you can assume that one mile per hour of wind will cause a force of about one pound per square foot on vertical surfaces. Therefore, loads in excess of 1000 pounds per frame can be induced by the wind.
Canopies are subject also to wind loads and will have a lift somewhat larger than the forces we have just talked about. Snow loads are generally not a serious consideration, as you can easily knock the snow off the roof; and, if the wind is blowing, the snow is probably not there anyway. To minimize the effect of this uplift I would recommend that frames be pinned together that guy wires be used and that a reasonable amount of materials be stored on the scaffold. This will also affect the resistance to overturning.
In summary, I would like to repeat that wind is the big problem in winter protection of scaffolds. You must take precautions to prevent damage to the structure and to the wall you are laying. You might consider fastening your covering material in a loose manner so that in the event of high winds the covering tears away before you have damaged your structures, confining your loss to a few hundred dollars of poly rather than thousands of dollars of wall or scaffold, or hundreds of thousands of dollars in compensation claims.
Next month MASONRY will feature the paper by William E. Dickinson, President, Calcium Chloride Institute, on Admixtures For All-Weather Construction.
MASONRY . December, 196